Define Birth rate, death rate and migration by Prince nishad (Process of Population Change/Growth)

• There are three imain processes of change of population birth rates, death rates and migration.

1. Birth rate. It is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year, It is a major component of growth because in India, birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
2. Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The major cause of the rate of growth of the Indian population has been the rapid decline in death rates due to improvement in medical facilities. 

• The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates. 

1.  Migration.

• The third  component of population growth is migration.
• Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories.
• Migration can be internal (within the country) or external (between different countries).
• Internal migration does not change the size of the population in a country, but influence s the distribution of population within the nation.
• Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.
• In India, most migration have been from rural to urban areas because of the push factor in rural areas.
• Push factors are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural area and the pull of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions.
• Migration not only charges the population size but also the population composition of urban and rural populations in terms of age and sex composition.
• In India, the rural-urban migration has led to an increase in the urban population from 17.26% in 1951 to 27.78% in 2001.